The Riveting Rosies

Unveiling the Legacy of Merneith: The First Female Pharaoh of Egypt

In today’s episode, we unravel the mysteries surrounding Merneith, also known as Meret-Neith, believed to be the first female pharaoh in recorded history, reigning in the First Dynasty of Egypt around 2950 BC.

Early Life and Lineage:

Merneith, meaning “Beloved by Neith,” was the great-granddaughter of Narmer, the founder of the First Dynasty and the daughter of Djer, the third pharaoh. Her royal lineage and connection to the early Egyptian goddess Neith, known as the prime creator, set the stage for her rise to power.

Rise to Power:

Merneith became the senior royal wife of Djet, the fourth pharaoh of the First Dynasty, and the mother of Den. Following Djet’s death, she likely assumed power as regent, orchestrating even the planning and execution of her husband’s funeral, a rare display of power and authority.

Funerary Traditions and Power Play:

In a departure from tradition, Merneith chose high-ranking officials, instead of female consorts, to accompany her husband to the afterlife. This strategic move could have been a means to eliminate potential threats to her son Den’s ascension to the throne.

Legacy and Dual Tombs:

Merneith’s legacy is marked by prosperity during Den’s rule. Intriguingly, she is the only woman from the First Dynasty with two tombs—one at Umm El Qa’ab in Abydos and the other at Saqqara, showcasing her unique significance in Egyptian history.

Recent Discoveries:

In a recent article from Artnet News, archaeologists from Egypt, Germany, and Austria uncovered new evidence within Merneith’s tomb at Abydos, solidifying her authority. This tomb (Tomb Y) is the only one discovered for a 1st Dynasty woman, and its proximity to Djet and Den’s tombs reinforces her pivotal role.

Inscriptions and Royal Treasury:

The discoveries include a stone vessel with inscriptions of Merneith’s name and a mention of the royal treasury, indicating her control over the central government offices. A seal in her son Den’s tomb further supports her reign, listing her as the only female among the first dynasty kings.

Challenging Theories:

The excavations challenge widely accepted theories about human sacrifice during the First Dynasty, as 41 tombs for Merneith’s servants and courtiers, built at different times, were found. This contrasts with the apparent ritualistic strangulation of Djer’s companions, later replaced by figurines called shabtis in future dynasties.

Conclusion:

Merneith’s story continues to unfold, reshaping our understanding of early Egyptian history. Her dual tombs, recent discoveries, and strategic choices in funerary practices exemplify her powerful influence and enduring legacy. Stay tuned for more riveting stories on The Riveting Rosies Podcast.

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Mary Ann “Molly” Goodnight: The Cattlewoman Who Saved the Bison

Also in today’s episode, we explore the life and legacy of Mary Ann “Molly” Dyer Goodnight—a pioneer, rancher, and savior of the Goodnight buffalo herd.

Early Life and Challenges:

Born on September 12th, 1839, in Madison County, Tennessee, Molly faced adversity early on, as her parents passed away shortly after the family moved to Belknap, Texas, in 1854. At the age of 14, Molly found herself responsible for caring for her five brothers.

Love and Ranching Adventures:

In 1864, Molly met Charles Goodnight, and they married in 1870 in Hickman, Kentucky. The couple ventured into ranching in Colorado but eventually returned to Texas. During their time in Colorado, Molly managed a separate cattle herd under her PATM brand.

Palo Duro Canyon and the JA Ranch:

Charles Goodnight and John George Adair established the JA Ranch in Palo Duro Canyon in 1877. Molly, often referred to as the “first lady of Palo Duro Canyon,” played a pivotal role on the ranch, serving as a nurse, spiritual adviser, and more.

Goodnight Ranch House and Bison Conservation:

In 1887, the Goodnights moved to Armstrong County, where they built the family home, Goodnight Ranch House, in what is now Goodnight, Texas. Molly took a significant step in establishing the Goodnight buffalo herd, rescuing orphaned calves and growing the herd to over 200 bison.

Philanthropy and Legacy:

Molly’s contributions extended beyond ranching. She played a key role in bison conservation efforts nationally, financially supporting initiatives and even donating bison to replenish herds in Yellowstone and the New York Zoological Park. Molly was also a philanthropist, establishing Goodnight College in 1898 and supporting various schools and churches.

A Lasting Impact:

Molly Goodnight passed away in April 1926, leaving behind a legacy of service and philanthropy. Her headstone bears the inscription, “One who spent her whole life in the service of others.” In 1991, Molly was rightfully inducted into the National Cowgirl Museum & Hall of Fame, alongside renowned artist Georgia O’Keeffe.

Conclusion:

Molly Goodnight’s story is one of resilience, compassion, and dedication to both her family and the preservation of the American bison. Join us next time on The Riveting Rosies Podcast for more tales of extraordinary women who shaped history.

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